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History of the Kola Peninsula

 

"Shaman"- one of the Petrogliphs from Kanozero, III – II milleniums B.C. kolatravel history Kola Peninsula Russia Russian Pechenga petroglyphs Kanozero Arctic Fersman Finno-Ugric Nova Zembla icebreaker North Pole proto-Lapps One of the inscriptions – signs for other Saami, incused by pomor ship owners on coastal of Anikeev Islands (fixed place of Russian – Norwegian trade in XVII – XVIII centuries). kolatravel history Kola Peninsula Russia Russian Pechenga petroglyphs Kanozero Arctic Fersman Finno-Ugric Nova Zembla icebreaker North Pole proto-LappsThe appearance of human beings on the territory of Kola Peninsula can related to the VI Millennium B.C. Europeans that mastered bows and spears were the first inhabitants of this land. The next wave of migrants (in the beginning of the III millennium B.C.) has come from the land between the Oka and the Wolga river – those were the bearers of Neolithic ceramics. The largest European collection of Neolithic Petroglyphes (this are figures carved on stones), discovered in 1997 in the area of Kanozero Lake (system of the Umba river) is dated from the II and III millennium B.C. Judging the amount and subjects of these figures, the hunting was very successful and that in the course of many centuries.
The research vessel "Persius": first specialized vessel used for studies of the biology of the Barents sea. This vessel made voyages to Spitsbergen, Jan-Majyen Islands and to the New Land (Novaya Zemlya). kolatravel history Kola Peninsula Russia Russian Pechenga petroglyphs Kanozero Arctic Fersman Finno-Ugric Nova Zembla icebreaker North Pole proto-Lapps One of the first geological expeditions of academician Fersman to Khibiny and Monche-tundra in 1925 (second of the left is Fersman A.E.). kolatravel history Kola Peninsula Russia Russian Pechenga petroglyphs Kanozero Arctic Fersman Finno-Ugric Nova Zembla icebreaker North Pole proto-LappsIn the II – I millennium B.C. the Finno-Ugric tributes came to the Kola Peninsula from the northern Ural and having merged with the former population of Kola Peninsula have formed a new nationality - proto-Lapps (ancestors of the modern Lapps). The Russian hunters have reached shores of the White Sea in the IX century A.D., and have stayed here, as they have found an extremely attractive object of hunting walruses. Walrus tusks (or "the fish tooth") were very much valued in Europe at that time. Later, the number of objects of trade and export has considerably increased. The first permanent Russian settlements - Varzuga, Umba and Kandalaksha have appeared on Tersky (southern) coast of Kola peninsula in the XIV century.

Russian pomor's (the inhabitants of White and Barents sea coasts) have created the distinctive culture, which is well preserved in remote villages of the Tersky coast until now.

The Arctic convoys to Murmansk became the main way of delivery of arms from the USA to the Sovjet Union during World War II. kolatravel history Kola Peninsula Russia Russian Pechenga petroglyphs Kanozero Arctic Fersman Finno-Ugric Nova Zembla icebreaker North Pole proto-Lapps The visit of "Arctic" icebreaker to the North Pole in 1977 became a symbol of the power of the icebreaking fleet of Russia kolatravel history Kola Peninsula Russia Russian Pechenga petroglyphs Kanozero Arctic Fersman Finno-Ugric Nova Zembla icebreaker North Pole proto-LappsKola village and the old capital of our land - the Pechenga monastery on Paz river have played the special role in the reservation of Kola Peninsula after Russia in the XVI - XIX centuries. The discovery of the incalculable underground mineral resources in the beginning of the XVI - XIX century has resulted in the active assimilation of our northern land and the rise of majority of towns on Kola Peninsula. The harbour of Murmansk has played and still plays the great role in the assimilation of boundless expanses of the Arctic Region and in the development of the Northern Seaway.

For a detailed description of the photos just appoint them with your mouse. The text will appear. More information of Russian Lapland and about the Saami you can find on the following pages:

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